ng_attempts; $rval = $this->contact_service( 'ping', array( 'args' => $vaultpress_pings ) ); if ( $rval || $ping_attempts >= 3 ) break; if ( !$rval ) usleep(500000); } while ( true ); if ( !$rval ) { if ( $this->get_option( 'connection_error_code' ) !== -8 ) { // Do not save pings when the subscription is inactive. $__vp_recursive_ping_lock = true; $this->ai_ping_insert( serialize( $vaultpress_pings ) ); } } $this->reset_pings(); if ( $close_wpdb ) { $wpdb->__destruct(); unset( $wpdb ); } return $rval; } function resolve_content_dir() { // Take the easy way out if ( defined( 'WP_CONTENT_DIR' ) ) { if ( substr( WP_CONTENT_DIR, -1 ) != DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR ) return WP_CONTENT_DIR . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR; return WP_CONTENT_DIR; } // Best guess if ( defined( 'ABSPATH' ) ) { if ( substr( ABSPATH, -1 ) != DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR ) return ABSPATH . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'wp-content' . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR; return ABSPATH . 'wp-content' . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR; } // Run with a solid assumption: WP_CONTENT_DIR/vaultpress/vaultpress.php return dirname( __DIR__ ) . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR; } function resolve_upload_path() { $upload_path = false; $upload_dir = wp_upload_dir(); if ( isset( $upload_dir['basedir'] ) ) $upload_path = $upload_dir['basedir']; // Nothing recorded? use a best guess! if ( !$upload_path || $upload_path == realpath( ABSPATH ) ) return $this->resolve_content_dir() . 'uploads' . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR; if ( substr( $upload_path, -1 ) != DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR ) $upload_path .= DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR; return $upload_path; } function load_first( $value ) { $value = array_unique( $value ); // just in case there are duplicates return array_merge( preg_grep( '/vaultpress\.php$/', $value ), preg_grep( '/vaultpress\.php$/', $value, PREG_GREP_INVERT ) ); } function is_multisite() { if ( function_exists( 'is_multisite' ) ) return is_multisite(); return false; } function is_main_site() { if ( !function_exists( 'is_main_site' ) || !$this->is_multisite() ) return true; return is_main_site(); } function is_registered() { $key = $this->get_option( 'key' ); $secret = $this->get_option( 'secret' ); return !empty( $key ) && !empty( $secret ); } function clear_connection() { $this->delete_option( 'connection' ); $this->delete_option( 'connection_error_code' ); $this->delete_option( 'connection_error_message' ); $this->delete_option( 'connection_test' ); } function site_url() { $site_url = ''; // compatibility for WordPress MU Domain Mapping plugin if ( defined( 'DOMAIN_MAPPING' ) && DOMAIN_MAPPING && ! function_exists( 'domain_mapping_siteurl' ) ) { if ( !function_exists( 'is_plugin_active' ) ) require_once ABSPATH . '/wp-admin/includes/plugin.php'; $plugin = 'wordpress-mu-domain-mapping/domain_mapping.php'; if ( is_plugin_active( $plugin ) ) include_once( WP_PLUGIN_DIR . '/' . $plugin ); } if ( function_exists( 'domain_mapping_siteurl' ) ) $site_url = domain_mapping_siteurl( false ); if ( empty( $site_url ) ) $site_url = site_url(); return $site_url; } /** * Sync the VaultPress options to WordPress.com if the Jetpack plugin is active. */ function sync_jetpack_options() { if ( class_exists( 'Jetpack_Sync' ) && method_exists( 'Jetpack_Sync', 'sync_options' ) && defined( 'JETPACK__VERSION' ) && version_compare( JETPACK__VERSION, '4.1', '<' ) ) { Jetpack_Sync::sync_options( __FILE__, $this->auto_register_option, $this->option_name ); } } /** * Add the VaultPress options to the Jetpack options management whitelist. * Allows Jetpack to register VaultPress options automatically. * * @param array $options The list of whitelisted option names. * * @return array The updated whitelist */ function add_to_jetpack_options_whitelist( $options ) { $options[] = $this->option_name; $options[] = $this->auto_register_option; return $options; } /** * When the VaultPress auto-register option is updated, run the registration call. * * This should only be run when the option is updated from the Jetpack/WP.com * API call, and only if the new key is different than the old key. * * @param mixed $old_value The old option value, or the option name (if add_option). * @param mixed $value The new option value. */ function updated_auto_register_option( $old_value, $value ) { // Not an API call or CLI call if ( ! class_exists( 'WPCOM_JSON_API_Update_Option_Endpoint' ) && ! ( defined( 'WP_CLI' ) && WP_CLI ) ) { return; } remove_action( "update_option_{$this->auto_register_option}", array( $this, 'updated_auto_register_option' ) ); $defaults = array( 'key' => false, 'action' => 'register', // or `response` 'status' => 'working', 'error' => false, ); // `wp_parse_args` uses arrays, might as well be explicit about it. $registration = (array) json_decode( $value ); $registration = wp_parse_args( $registration, $defaults ); // If we have a working connection, don't update the key. if ( $this->check_connection( true ) ) { $registration['action'] = 'response'; $registration['error'] = 'VaultPress is already registered on this site.'; update_option( $this->auto_register_option, json_encode( $registration ) ); return; } if ( ! $registration['key'] ) { return; } $registration['action'] = 'response'; $response = $this->register( $registration['key'] ); if ( is_wp_error( $response ) ) { $registration['status'] = 'broken'; $registration['error'] = $response->get_error_message(); } else if ( $this->get_option( 'connection_error_code' ) ) { $registration['status'] = 'broken'; $registration['error'] = $this->get_option( 'connection_error_message' ); } else { $registration['error'] = false; } update_option( $this->auto_register_option, json_encode( $registration ) ); } function add_global_actions_and_filters() { add_action( 'init', array( $this, 'sync_jetpack_options' ), 0, 99 ); add_filter( 'jetpack_options_whitelist', array( $this, 'add_to_jetpack_options_whitelist' ) ); add_action( "update_option_{$this->auto_register_option}", array( $this, 'updated_auto_register_option' ), 10, 2 ); add_action( "add_option_{$this->auto_register_option}", array( $this, 'updated_auto_register_option' ), 10, 2 ); add_action( 'admin_enqueue_scripts', array( $this, 'styles' ) ); } function add_admin_actions_and_filters() { add_action( 'admin_init', array( $this, 'admin_init' ) ); add_action( 'admin_menu', array( $this, 'admin_menu' ), 5 ); # Priority 5, so it's called before Jetpack's admin_menu. add_action( 'admin_head', array( $this, 'admin_head' ) ); } function add_listener_actions_and_filters() { add_action( 'admin_bar_menu', array( $this, 'toolbar' ), 999 ); // Comments add_action( 'delete_comment', array( $this, 'comment_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'wp_set_comment_status', array( $this, 'comment_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'trashed_comment', array( $this, 'comment_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'untrashed_comment', array( $this, 'comment_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'wp_insert_comment', array( $this, 'comment_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'comment_post', array( $this, 'comment_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'edit_comment', array( $this, 'comment_action_handler' ) ); // Commentmeta add_action( 'added_comment_meta', array( $this, 'commentmeta_insert_handler' ), 10, 2 ); add_action( 'updated_comment_meta', array( $this, 'commentmeta_modification_handler' ), 10, 4 ); add_action( 'deleted_comment_meta', array( $this, 'commentmeta_modification_handler' ), 10, 4 ); // Users if ( $this->is_main_site() ) { add_action( 'user_register', array( $this, 'userid_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'password_reset', array( $this, 'userid_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'profile_update', array( $this, 'userid_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'user_register', array( $this, 'userid_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'deleted_user', array( $this, 'userid_action_handler' ) ); } // Usermeta if ( $this->is_main_site() ) { // Keeping these action hooks for backward compatibility add_action( 'added_usermeta', array( $this, 'usermeta_action_handler' ), 10, 4 ); add_action( 'update_usermeta', array( $this, 'usermeta_action_handler' ), 10, 4 ); add_action( 'delete_usermeta', array( $this, 'usermeta_action_handler' ), 10, 4 ); add_action( 'added_user_meta', array( $this, 'usermeta_action_handler' ), 10, 4 ); add_action( 'update_user_meta', array( $this, 'usermeta_action_handler' ), 10, 4 ); add_action( 'delete_user_meta', array( $this, 'usermeta_action_handler' ), 10, 4 ); } // Posts add_action( 'delete_post', array( $this, 'post_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'trash_post', array( $this, 'post_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'untrash_post', array( $this, 'post_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'edit_post', array( $this, 'post_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'save_post', array( $this, 'post_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'wp_insert_post', array( $this, 'post_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'edit_attachment', array( $this, 'post_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'add_attachment', array( $this, 'post_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'delete_attachment', array( $this, 'post_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'private_to_publish', array( $this, 'post_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'wp_restore_post_revision', array( $this, 'post_action_handler' ) ); // Postmeta add_action( 'added_post_meta', array( $this, 'postmeta_insert_handler' ), 10, 4 ); add_action( 'update_post_meta', array( $this, 'postmeta_modification_handler' ), 10, 4 ); add_action( 'updated_post_meta', array( $this, 'postmeta_modification_handler' ), 10, 4 ); add_action( 'delete_post_meta', array( $this, 'postmeta_modification_handler' ), 10, 4 ); add_action( 'deleted_post_meta', array( $this, 'postmeta_modification_handler' ), 10, 4 ); add_action( 'added_postmeta', array( $this, 'postmeta_action_handler' ), 10, 3 ); add_action( 'update_postmeta', array( $this, 'postmeta_action_handler' ), 10, 3 ); add_action( 'delete_postmeta', array( $this, 'postmeta_action_handler' ), 10, 3 ); // Links add_action( 'edit_link', array( $this, 'link_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'add_link', array( $this, 'link_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'delete_link', array( $this, 'link_action_handler' ) ); // Taxonomy add_action( 'created_term', array( $this, 'term_handler' ), 2 ); add_action( 'edited_terms', array( $this, 'term_handler' ), 2 ); add_action( 'delete_term', array( $this, 'term_handler' ), 2 ); add_action( 'edit_term_taxonomy', array( $this, 'term_taxonomy_handler' ) ); add_action( 'delete_term_taxonomy', array( $this, 'term_taxonomy_handler' ) ); add_action( 'edit_term_taxonomies', array( $this, 'term_taxonomies_handler' ) ); add_action( 'add_term_relationship', array( $this, 'term_relationship_handler' ), 10, 2 ); add_action( 'delete_term_relationships', array( $this, 'term_relationships_handler' ), 10, 2 ); add_action( 'set_object_terms', array( $this, 'set_object_terms_handler' ), 10, 3 ); // Files if ( $this->is_main_site() ) { add_action( 'switch_theme', array( $this, 'theme_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'activate_plugin', array( $this, 'plugin_action_handler' ) ); add_action( 'deactivate_plugin', array( $this, 'plugin_action_handler' ) ); } add_action( 'wp_handle_upload', array( $this, 'upload_handler' ) ); // Options add_action( 'deleted_option', array( $this, 'option_handler' ), 1 ); add_action( 'updated_option', array( $this, 'option_handler' ), 1 ); add_action( 'added_option', array( $this, 'option_handler' ), 1 ); $this->add_woocommerce_actions(); $this->add_vp_required_filters(); } function add_woocommerce_actions() { add_action( 'woocommerce_tax_rate_deleted', array( $this, 'woocommerce_tax_rate_handler' ), 10, 1 ); add_action( 'woocommerce_tax_rate_updated', array( $this, 'woocommerce_tax_rate_handler' ), 10, 1 ); add_action( 'woocommerce_tax_rate_added', array( $this, 'woocommerce_tax_rate_handler' ), 10, 1 ); add_action( 'woocommerce_new_order_item', array( $this, 'woocommerce_order_item_handler' ), 10, 1 ); add_action( 'woocommerce_update_order_item', array( $this, 'woocommerce_order_item_handler' ), 10, 1 ); add_action( 'woocommerce_delete_order_item', array( $this, 'woocommerce_order_item_handler' ), 10, 1 ); add_action( 'added_order_item_meta', array( $this, 'woocommerce_order_item_meta_handler' ), 10, 1 ); add_action( 'updated_order_item_meta', array( $this, 'woocommerce_order_item_meta_handler' ), 10, 1 ); add_action( 'deleted_order_item_meta', array( $this, 'woocommerce_order_item_meta_handler' ), 10, 1 ); add_action( 'woocommerce_attribute_added', array( $this, 'woocommerce_attribute_handler' ), 10, 1 ); add_action( 'woocommerce_attribute_updated', array( $this, 'woocommerce_attribute_handler' ), 10, 1 ); add_action( 'woocommerce_attribute_deleted', array( $this, 'woocommerce_attribute_handler' ), 10, 1 ); } function add_vp_required_filters() { // Log ins if ( $this->get_option( 'login_lockdown' ) ) { add_action( 'login_form', array( $this, 'add_js_token' ) ); add_filter( 'authenticate', array( $this, 'authenticate' ), 999 ); } // Report back to VaultPress add_action( 'shutdown', array( $this, 'do_pings' ) ); // VaultPress likes being first in line add_filter( 'pre_update_option_active_plugins', array( $this, 'load_first' ) ); } function get_jetpack_email() { if ( ! class_exists( 'Jetpack' ) ) { return false; } // For version of Jetpack prior to 7.7. if ( defined( 'JETPACK__VERSION' ) && version_compare( JETPACK__VERSION, '7.7', '<' ) && ! class_exists( 'Jetpack_IXR_Client' ) ) { Jetpack::load_xml_rpc_client(); } $xml = new Jetpack_IXR_Client( array( 'user_id' => get_current_user_id() ) ); $xml->query( 'wpcom.getUserEmail' ); if ( ! $xml->isError() ) { return $xml->getResponse(); } return new WP_Error( $xml->getErrorCode(), $xml->getErrorMessage() ); } function get_key_via_jetpack( $already_purchased = false ) { if ( ! class_exists( 'Jetpack' ) ) { return false; } // For version of Jetpack prior to 7.7. if ( defined( 'JETPACK__VERSION' ) && version_compare( JETPACK__VERSION, '7.7', '<' ) && ! class_exists( 'Jetpack_IXR_Client' ) ) { Jetpack::load_xml_rpc_client(); } $xml = new Jetpack_IXR_Client( array( 'user_id' => Jetpack_Options::get_option( 'master_user' ) ) ); $xml->query( 'vaultpress.registerSite', $already_purchased ); if ( ! $xml->isError() ) { return $xml->getResponse(); } return new WP_Error( $xml->getErrorCode(), $xml->getErrorMessage() ); } function register_via_jetpack( $already_purchased = false ) { $registration_key = $this->get_key_via_jetpack( $already_purchased ); if ( is_wp_error( $registration_key ) ) { return $registration_key; } return self::register( $registration_key ); } } $vaultpress = VaultPress::init(); if ( isset( $_GET['vaultpress'] ) && $_GET['vaultpress'] ) { if ( !function_exists( 'wp_magic_quotes' ) ) { // Escape with wpdb. $_GET = add_magic_quotes( $_GET ); $_POST = add_magic_quotes( $_POST ); $_COOKIE = add_magic_quotes( $_COOKIE ); $_SERVER = add_magic_quotes( $_SERVER ); // Force REQUEST to be GET + POST. If SERVER, COOKIE, or ENV are needed, use those superglobals directly. $_REQUEST = array_merge( $_GET, $_POST ); } else { wp_magic_quotes(); } if ( !function_exists( 'wp_get_current_user' ) ) include ABSPATH . '/wp-includes/pluggable.php'; // TODO: this prevents some error notices but do we need it? is there a better way to check capabilities/logged in user/etc? if ( function_exists( 'wp_cookie_constants' ) && !defined( 'AUTH_COOKIE' ) ) wp_cookie_constants(); $vaultpress->parse_request( null ); die(); } // only load hotfixes if it's not a VP request require_once __DIR__ . '/class.vaultpress-hotfixes.php'; $hotfixes = new VaultPress_Hotfixes(); // Add a helper method to WP CLI for auto-registerion via Jetpack if ( defined( 'WP_CLI' ) && WP_CLI ) { require_once __DIR__ . '/class.vaultpress-cli.php'; } require_once __DIR__ . '/cron-tasks.php'; Indian-origin consultants of Nanosemantics charged in US with H1-B visa fraud - Social News XYZ
Social News XYZ     

Indian-origin consultants of Nanosemantics charged in US with H1-B visa fraud

Indian-origin consultants of Nanosemantics charged in US with H1-B visa fraud

By Arul Louis

New York, April 2 (IANS) Three Indian-origin high-tech consultants have been arrested and charged with H1-B visa fraud in a California federal court, according to US officials.

 

Kishore Dattapuram, Kumar Aswapathi and Santosh Giri were charged with allegedly submitting fraudulent H1-B visa applications for non-existent jobs, according to federal prosecutor David Anderson.

A citizen's panel known as grand jury made the determination after initial hearings, he said.

They will be tried on the charges to determine their guilt later.

The three have denied the charges and were released on bail, officials said.

According to court papers, they ran a consulting firm, Nanosemantics, Inc., which placed workers with other companies, and submitted the fake H1-B visa applications so that they could have a ready pool of workers for placement with other customers.

Several visa applications submitted by them "stated that particular workers had specific jobs waiting for them at designated companies when, in reality, the defendants knew that these jobs did not exist", the officials said.

In one case, they allegedly orchestrated payments by their company to someone for permission to list his company as the employer even though they planned to place the workers elsewhere, according to court papers.

H1-B visas are non-immigrant visas given to professionals or highly qualified people. According to US government data, 309,986 H1-B visas, or nearly 74 per cent, were held by Indians last year.

President Donald Trump's administration has announced a crackdown on visa fraud and changes to the H1-B visas system to give greater preferences to applicants educated in the US and to tighten the regulations governing the work visas.

Because the number of applicants far exceeds the 65,000 visas available every year, they are allotted through a lottery.

(Arul Louis can be reached at arul.l@ians.in and followed on Twitter @arulouis)

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Indian-origin consultants of Nanosemantics charged in US with H1-B visa fraud

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